Review Questions

Roles of Nitrogen:

Plants get nitrogen in the form of nitrates. Nitrogen is a major component of proteins, hormones, chlorophyll, vitamins, and enzymes essential for plant life. Nitrogen metabolism is a major factor in stem and leaf growth. Too much nitrogen can delay flowering and fruiting.

Effects of the lack of nitrate ions:

Deficiencies of nitrogen can reduce yields, cause yellowing of the leaves, and stunt growth. Roles of Magnesium: Magnesium is a structural component of the chlorophyll molecule and is necessary for the functioning of plant enzymes to produce carbohydrates, sugars, and fats. It is used for fruit and nut formation and is essential for the germination of seeds. Effects of the lack of magnesium ions: Deficiency of magnesium causes yellowing and wilting of leaves

Fertilizers:

Nutrients applied to crops to speed up their growth are called fertilizers.

Classification of Fertilizers:

Fertilizers are broadly classified as organic or inorganic.

1. Importance of inorganic fertilizers:

Naturally occurring inorganic fertilizers include rock phosphate, elemental sulfur, and gypsum that are not chemically modified. If nitrogen is the main element, they are often described as nitrogen fertilizers. Most inorganic fertilizers dissolve readily in water and are immediately available to plants for uptake. These fertilizers efficiently supply the required nutrients for plant growth

1. Importance of organic fertilizers:

Natural organic fertilizer is derived from either plant or animal materials containing one or more essential elements. Organic fertilizers are more complex chemical substances that take time to be broken down into forms usable by plants. They have fewer salts so their larger amounts can be applied without injury to plant roots. However, their excessive amounts can cause environmental degradation due to nitrate leaching or runoff of soluble organic compounds. Manure and compost are used as organic fertilizers. They can also increase soil drainage, aeration, water holding capacity, and the ability of the soil to hold nutrients.