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Activation energy
The energy required to break chemical bonds and begin the reaction
Active site
The small portion of enzyme molecule (around 34 amino acids) that is directly involved in catalysis
Amylase
The enzyme that digests starch into disaccharides
Anabolism
The chemical reactions in living organisms involved in the synthesis of compounds
Biocatalyst
The catalyst in metabolic reactions i.e. the enzyme
Catabolism
The chemical reactions in living organisms that breakdown larger molecules
Catalyst
A compound/element accelerates a chemical reaction without any change in itself.
Coenzyme
The organic cofactors of enzymes that are loosely attached to enzymes; transport chemical groups from one enzyme to another
Cofactor
The non-protein molecules or ions required by enzymes for activity e.g., metal ions and organic molecules
Denaturation
Damage or loss of structure of a molecule
Optimum pH
The pH at which an enzyme works at its maximum rate
Optimum temperature
The temperature at which an enzyme works at its maximum rate
Enzyme
The proteins that catalyze (i.e. speed up) biochemical reactions but are not changed during the reactions
Enzyme-substrate complex
The complex formed by the attachment of the substrate molecule at the active site of an enzyme
Lipase
The enzyme that digests the lipids into glycerol and fatty acids
Lock-and-key model
In the model to explain the mechanism, of enzyme action, both the enzyme and the substrate possess specific complementary geometric shapes that fit exactly into one another
Metabolism
Collective term for all the biochemical reactions that occur in living organisms to maintain life
Product
The molecules that are formed as the result of enzymatic reaction
Saturation
The state at which all the active sites of the enzymes are occupied and any more substrate molecules do not find free active sites
Substrate
The molecules at the beginning of enzymatic reactions, reactants in enzymatic reactions
Inhibitor
The molecules that stop enzymes from working
Prosthetic group
The organic cofactors of enzymes that are tightly bound to enzymes