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Active transport
The movement of molecules from an area of lower concentration to the area of a higher concentration, with the expenditure of energy
Cell
The structural and functional unit of life.
Cell membrane
A thin and elastic membrane covering the cytoplasm of all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Cell theory
One of the most fundamental education about cells, proposed by Schleiden and Schwann
Cell wall
The non-living and strong component of the cell, located outside the cell membrane, in plants, fungi, prokaryotes, and many protists
Centriole
The hollow and cylindrical organelles present in the cells of animals and many unicellular organisms
Chloroplast
The green plastids found in plants and many protists; involved in photosynthesis
Chromoplast
The plastids with pigments of bright colors: are present in flower petals, fruits, etc.
Connective tissue
Animal tissue that supports and binds other tissues
Cytoplasm
The semi-viscous and semi-transparent substance present between the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope
Diffusion
The movement of molecules from an area of their higher concentration to the area of lower concentration
Endoplasmic reticulum
The network of channels that extends from plasma membrane to the nuclear envelope
Epithelial tissue
Animal tissue that covers the outside of the body and lines organs and cavities
Facilitated diffusion
The movement of the molecules from higher to lower concentration with the help of transport proteins
Golgi apparatus
The set of flattened sac-like structures called cisternae; found in animal and plant cells; are involved in cell secretions
Hypertonic solution
The solution in which more solute is present
Hypotonic solution
The solution in which less solute is present
Isotonic solution
The solutions, which have equal concentrations of solutes
Leucoplast
The colorless plastids in the cells of those plant parts where food is stored
Lysosome
The single-membrane bound organelles have strong digestive enzymes
Mitochondrion
The double membrane-bounded structure in eukaryotes; is involved in cellular respiration
Muscle tissue
Animal tissue is composed of cells with the ability to contract
Nucleus
The most prominent organelle in the eukaryotic cells; controls all cell activities
Osmosis
The movement of water molecules from a solution of lesser solute concentration to a solution of higher solute concentration, across a semi-permeable membrane
Organelle
Microscopic structure which does a particular job in a cell, e.g. the nucleus.
Passive transport
The movement of materials without any expenditure of energy
Phagocytosis
The phenomenon in which cell takes in solid materials in bulk
Pinocytosis
The phenomenon in which a cell takes in liquid materials in drops
Plasmolysis
The shrinking of cell due to loss of water
Plastid
The membrane-bound organelles in plants and many protists
Ribosome
Tiny granular structures in the cells; either floating freely in the cytoplasm or bound to the endoplasmic reticulum, involved in protein synthesis
Semi-permeable
The structure that allows a very few molecules to cross it and checks the majority of molecules to cross
Turgor pressure
The pressure of the internal water on cell wall
Tissue
Group of cells of the same type doing a particular job, e.g. the glandular tissue, muscular tissue, nervous tissue etc
Microfilament
Part of the cytoskeleton; made of actin proteins
Microtubule
Part of the cytoskeleton; made of tubulin proteins
Vacuole
A fluid-filled organelle, bounded by a single membrane