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Anaphase
The phase of mitosis and meiosis in which each kinetochore fiber pulls toward the originating centrosome and divides the sister chromatids (in mitosis and meiosis-ll) or divides the homologous pair (in meiosis-1)
Apoptosis
The programmed cell death during which cell membrane makes blebs which break from the cell and are phagocytosed by other cells
Benign
Not malignant: (For tumors) which remain in their original location
Budding
Making mass of cells on the surface
Cell cycle
The series of events from the time a cell is produced until it completes mitosis" and produces new cells
Chiasmata
The complexes formed between the non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes during meiosis
Crossing over
The exchange of segments between the non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes during meiosis
GO phase
The phase of the cell cycle in which a cell remains quiescent and does not divide or prepare for division
G1 phase
The phase of interphase in which the cell increases its supply of proteins makes new organelles, grows in size, and makes enzymes for the next phase
G 2 phase
The phase of interphase in which the cell prepares proteins for the production of spindle fibers
Homologous chromosomes
Morphologically similar chromosomes with genes for the same characters
Chromosomes
One of the rod-shaped bodies found in the nucleus of cells contains genetic information (DNA)
Interphase
The phase of the cell cycle between two successive divisions
Karyokinesis
The division of the nucleus
Kinetochore
The complex made of proteins that is attached with the centromere of the chromosomes
M phase
A mitotic phase of the cell cycle
Malignant
Not benign: (For tumors) which break from the site of their production and invade other tissues
Metaphase
The phase of cell division in which two kinetochore spindles from opposite sides attach with each chromosome in mitosis and meiosis-Il) or with homologous pair (in meiosis-1) and metaphase plate is formed
Mitosis
The cell division in which each two daughter cells has the same number of chromosomes as were present in the parent cell
Necrosis
The phenomenon of accidental of call or tissue death
Non-sister chromatids
Non-sister chromatids are different and are located on different chromosomes.
Chromatids
One of two daughter strands of a replicated chromosome
Phragmoplast
The cell plate formed during cytokinesis in plant cells
Prophase
In the first phase of mitosis in meiosis which the chromatin condenses and spindles are formed, crossing over occurs during the prophase of meiosis-1
S phase
The phase-in interphase during which the chromosomes are duplicated i.e. new chromatids are formed
Sister chromatids
The chromatids of the same chromosome
Spindle
The fibers at which chromosomes attach during cell division
Synapsis
The phenomenon of the pairing of homologous chromosomes
Telophase
The last phase of karyokinesis during which nuclear envelopes is reformed and chromosomes uncoil to form chromatin
Closed mitosis
A type of mitosis in which spindles are formed inside the nucleus
Metaphase plate
The arrangement of chromosomes on spindle fibres along the equator of the cell
Metastasis
The spread of disease in the body
Monosomy
The condition in which there is one less chromosome than the usual 2N number
Open mitosis
The mitosis in which the spindle fibers are formed outside the nuclear envelope
Trisomy
The condition in which there is one more chromosome than the usual 2N number
Tubulin
The proteins that make the centrioles and the spindle fibers
Tumor
Mass of abnormal cells