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Definition

Anaphase

The phase of mitosis and meiosis in which each kinetochore fiber pulls toward the originating centrosome and divides the sister chromatids (in mitosis and meiosis-ll) or divides the homologous pair (in meiosis-1)

Definition

Apoptosis

The programmed cell death during which cell membrane makes blebs which break from the cell and are phagocytosed by other cells 

Definition

Benign

Not malignant: (For tumors) which remain in their original location 

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Definition

Budding

Making mass of cells on the surface 

Definition

Cell cycle

The series of events from the time a cell is produced until it completes mitosis" and produces new cells 

Definition

Chiasmata

The complexes formed between the non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes during meiosis

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Definition

Crossing over

The exchange of segments between the non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes during meiosis

Definition

GO phase

The phase of the cell cycle in which a cell remains quiescent and does not divide or prepare for division 

Definition

G1 phase

The phase of interphase in which the cell increases its supply of proteins makes new organelles, grows in size, and makes enzymes for the next phase

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Definition

G 2 phase

The phase of interphase in which the cell prepares proteins for the production of spindle fibers

Definition

Homologous chromosomes

Morphologically similar chromosomes with genes for the same characters

Definition

Chromosomes

One of the rod-shaped bodies found in the nucleus of cells contains genetic information (DNA) 

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Definition

Interphase

The phase of the cell cycle between two successive divisions 

Definition

Karyokinesis

The division of the nucleus 

Definition

Kinetochore

The complex made of proteins that is attached with the centromere of the chromosomes

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Definition

M phase

A mitotic phase of the cell cycle 

Definition

Malignant

Not benign: (For tumors) which break from the site of their production and invade other tissues 

Definition

Metaphase

The phase of cell division in which two kinetochore spindles from opposite sides attach with each chromosome in mitosis and meiosis-Il) or with homologous pair (in meiosis-1) and metaphase plate is formed

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Definition

Mitosis

The cell division in which each two daughter cells has the same number of chromosomes as were present in the parent cell 

Definition

Necrosis

The phenomenon of accidental of call or tissue death

Definition

Non-sister chromatids

Non-sister chromatids are different and are located on different chromosomes. 

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Definition

Chromatids

One of two daughter strands of a replicated chromosome 

Definition

Phragmoplast

The cell plate formed during cytokinesis in plant cells 

Definition

Prophase

In the first phase of mitosis in meiosis which the chromatin condenses and spindles are formed, crossing over occurs during the prophase of meiosis-1

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Definition

S phase

The phase-in interphase during which the chromosomes are duplicated i.e. new chromatids are formed 

Definition

Sister chromatids

The chromatids of the same chromosome

Definition

Spindle

The fibers at which chromosomes attach during cell division

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Definition

Synapsis

The phenomenon of the pairing of homologous chromosomes 

Definition

Telophase

The last phase of karyokinesis during which nuclear envelopes is reformed and chromosomes uncoil to form chromatin

Definition

Closed mitosis

A type of mitosis in which spindles are formed inside the nucleus

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Definition

Metaphase plate

The arrangement of chromosomes on spindle fibres along the equator of the cell

Definition

Metastasis

The spread of disease in the body 

Definition

Monosomy

The condition in which there is one less chromosome than the usual 2N number

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Definition

Open mitosis

The mitosis in which the spindle fibers are formed outside the nuclear envelope 

Definition

Trisomy

The condition in which there is one more chromosome than the usual 2N number 

Definition

Tubulin

The proteins that make the centrioles and the spindle fibers 

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Definition

Tumor

Mass of abnormal cells

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