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During the English neoclassical period (1660-1789), many writers imitated the epic poetry and satires of ancient Greece and Rome. They were not the first in England to adopt the literary modes of classical ________ some of the most prominent figures of the earlier Renaissance period were also influenced by ancient Greek and Roman literature. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Before the Erie Canal was completed in 1825, transporting goods by wagon between New York City and the Midwest took up to forty-five days and cost one hundred dollars per ton. By linking the Hudson River to Lake ________ canal reduced transport time to nine days and cut costs to six dollars per ton. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Oglala Lakota poet Layli Long Soldier's star quilt poems offer an unusually open-ended reading experience. With eight panels of text stitched together in the shape of a traditional eight-pointed Lakota star quilt, the poems present viewers with a seemingly infinite number of ways to read ________. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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In the past, researchers were limited to studying the marks found on the fossilized teeth of skeletons, but in 2017 a team led by Laura Weyrich of the Australian Centre for Ancient DNA tried something ________ the DNA found in Neanderthals' fossilized dental plaque. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Each year in the fall, when the weather starts to cool in the northern hemisphere, millions of North American monarch butterflies journey south. Searching for food and warmer habitats, they ________ thousands of miles--from as far north as Canada all the way down to Mexico--on this annual migration. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Photographer Ansel Adams's landscape portraits, including the ________, are iconic pieces of American art. However, many of the landscapes were intended not as art but as marketing; a concessions company at Yosemite National Park had hired Adams to take pictures of the park for restaurant menus and brochures. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Inventor John Friedman created a prototype of the first flexible straw by inserting a screw into a paper straw and, using dental floss, binding the straw tightly around the ________ When the floss and screw were removed, the resulting corrugations in the paper allowed the straw to bend easily over the edge of a glass. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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If simple sugars such as ribose and glycolaldehyde ________ Earth from elsewhere and survived impact--a possibility astrophysicist Nicolle Zellner outlined in a 2020 study--the sugars could have reacted with other molecules that were already present on the planet to form the nucleotides that are the structural components of RNA and DNA. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Journalists have dubbed Gil Scott-Heron the "godfather of rap," a title that has appeared in hundreds of articles about him since the 1990s. Scott-Heron himself resisted the godfather nickname, however, feeling that it didn't encapsulate his devotion to the broader African American blues music tradition as well as "Bluesologist," the moniker he preferred. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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In 1930, Japanese American artist Chiura Obata depicted the natural beauty of Yosemite National Park in two memorable woodcuts: _Evening at Carl Inn_ and _Lake Basin in the High Sierra_. In 2019, \(\underline{\phantom{\text{________ exhibited alongside 150 of Obata's other works in a single-artist show at the Smithsonian American Art Museum.}}}\)Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Recently, archeologists have ________ knives, horseshoes, wool tunics, and thousands of other artifacts from the icy pass. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions

A second-generation Japanese American, Wataru Misaka, ________ in the military before becoming the first non-white player to be drafted into the NBA. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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statement: Award-winning cinematographer James Wong Howe was known for his innovative filming techniques. While filming a boxing match for the movie _Body and Soul_ ________ Howe had a handheld camera operator wear roller skates. This allowed the operator to move smoothly around actors in a boxing ring, creating an immersive experience for viewers. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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In many of her landscape paintings from the 1970s and 1980s, Lebanese American artist Etel Adnan worked to capture the essence of California's fog-shrouded Mount Tamalpais region through abstraction, using splotches of color to represent the area's features. Interestingly, the triangle representing the mountain itself is among the few defined figures in her paintings. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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If these plants were grown in alkaline soil alongside grasses that aid in iron solubilization, Michel was determined to find out if the blueberries could thrive. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Quantum particles of light--photons--provide an unhackable means of transmitting encryption keys over networks, as attempts to observe particles in quantum states will invariably alter the particles ________ dismantle any information they transmit. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Fans of science fiction will appreciate multiple references to classic sci-fi stories in Janelle Monae's song lyrics, including her recurring nods to the plot of the 1927 sci-fi film _Metropolis_. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Former First Lady of the United States Eleanor Roosevelt and Indian activist and educator Hansa Mehta were instrumental in drafting the United Nations' Universal Declaration of Human Rights, a document that ________ the basic freedoms to which all people are entitled. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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A standard Argo float, a type of autonomous robot, measures temperature and salinity in the upper regions of ice-free oceans. More advanced floats can measure a wider range of variables and monitor seasonal ice zones. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Swedish scientists Eva Engvall and Peter Perlmann developed a ________ ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), for measuring the concentration of different proteins in a biological sample. Their ELISA, is used to detect and measure proteins that indicate the presence of certain diseases. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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in the 2011 documentary _The Barber of Birmingham_, civil rights activist James Armstrong recounts how his barbershop in Birmingham, Alabama, ________ as a political hub for members of the Black community during the 1950s. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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In crafting her fantasy fiction, Nigerian-born British author Helen Oyeyemi has drawn inspiration from the classic nineteenth-century fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm. Her 2014 novel _Boy, Snow, Bird_, for instance, is a complex retelling of the story of Snow White, while her 2019 novel _Gingerbread_ offers a delicious twist on the classic tale of Hansel and Gretel. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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The field of geological oceanography owes much to American Marie Tharp, a pioneering ________ and oceanographic cartographer whose detailed topographical maps of the ocean floor and its multiple rift valleys helped garner acceptance for the theories of plate tectonics and continental drift. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Occupying a significant part of modern-day Nigeria, the Kingdom of Benin ________ one of the major powers in West Africa between the thirteenth and nineteenth centuries. It ________ ruled by Oba Ewuare I from 1440 to 1473. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

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Scientists believe that, unlike most other species of barnacle, turtle barnacles (_Chelonibia testudinari_) can dissolve the cement-like secretions they use to attach to a sea turtle shell, enabling the barnacles ________ to move short distances across the shell's surface. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions