When the Vinland Map, a map of the world purported to date to the mid-1400s, surfaced in 1957, some scholars believed it demonstrated that European knowledge of the eastern coast of present-day North America predated Christopher Columbus's 1492 arrival. In 2021, a team including conservators Marie-France Lemay and Paula Zyats and materials scientist Aniko Bezur performed an extensive analysis of the map and the ink used. They found that the ink contains titanium dioxide, a compound that was first introduced in ink manufacturing in the early 1900s. Therefore, the team concluded that ________

Which choice most logically completes the text?

Question

Accepted Answer

the Vinland Map could not have been drawn by mid-1400s mapmakers.

Answer

mid-1400s Europeans could not have known about the eastern coast of present-day North America.

Answer

mapmakers must have used titanium compounds in their ink in the 1400s.

Answer

there isn't enough information to determine when the ink was created.